古斯塔夫.克林姆特【Gustav Klimt】
古斯塔夫·克林姆特(Gustav Klimt 1862-1918年),台湾译作克林姆,奥地利表现主义画家;维也纳分离派的创导者,是奥地利维也纳分离派第一任主席。
克里姆特的艺术深受荷兰象征主义画家图罗普、瑞士象征主义画家费迪南德・霍德勒(ferdinand hodler)和英国拉斐尔前派的奥布里・比亚兹莱(aubrey beardsley 1872-1898 )等人的艺术影响,同时吸收了拜占庭镶嵌画和东欧民族的装饰艺术的营养,致使他的画具有“镶嵌风格”。后来由于他对色彩强烈、线条明快的中国画以及其他东方艺术发生兴趣,致使他的画风又发生新的变化。
克林姆特的画面具有强烈的装饰色彩,辉煌的色彩伴随着扭曲的人体,透出情欲和略带颓废的美。有些作品带有浓郁的伤感和神秘。克林姆特生于维也纳一个制作金银首饰的世家。我想这是他的作品喜欢用金色的原因。他在作品中运用沥粉、贴金箔、嵌螺钡、贴羽毛等等特殊技巧,取得特殊的艺术效果。克林姆特的作品有与他作品浓艳的色彩和情欲表现不相称的严肃和忧伤内涵。
Gustav Klimt - 160 paintings, drawings and designs - WikiArt.org : Gustav Klimt was an Austrian symbolist painter, whose primary subject was the female body. His paintings, murals, and sketches are marked by a sensual eroticism, which is especially apparent in his pencil drawings. Klimt attended the Vienna University of Arts and Crafts in 1876, and formed the “Company of Artists” with his two brothers and a friend, after which he was awarded the Golden Order of Merit from the Emperor of Vienna. In 1892, his father and one of his brothers died, leaving him responsible for their families. The family tragedy also affected his artistic vision, which helped him develop his own personal style.
Throughout his life, although he was a controversial painter due to his subject matter, he was made an honorary member of the Universities of Vienna and of Munich. He was also a founding member and president of the Vienna Secession, which sought to create a platform for new and unconventional artists, bring new artists to Vienna, and created a magazine to showcase its member’ work.
Klimt lived a simple, cloistered life, in which he avoided other artists and café society. He often wore a long robe, sandals, and no undergarments. He also had many discreet affairs with women, and fathered at least 14 children. This may be an indication of his passion for women, their form and sexuality, which was the main focus of many of his works. The majority of his paintings were characterized by golden or colored swirling designs, spirals, and phallic shapes, depicting dominant women in erotic positions.
Klimt died in the influenza epidemic of 1918, leaving behind a posthumous legacy that few artists can rival. His paintings have brought in the highest amounts ever paid at auction.
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